Illustrated World Compendium of Orchids - List of Taxa
Michael Hassler & Joachim RheinheimerStatistics for countries and regions
Updated May 2013
Due to vegetation geography statistics following political boundaries does not make sense in many cases. Therefore in the following country summary we have counted various regions (especially islands) separate from their parent country (for example Corse - France, Sicily - Italy, Eastern Aegaean - Greece, Azores - Portugal, Zanzibar - Tanzania, Alaska/Aleutes - USA, Borneo - peninsular Malaysia and many others). Indonesia is split completely in the larger island groups. In other examples we have united regions, which belong politically to separate countries (especially islands like New Guinea, Borneo, Hispaniola, etc.).
The distribution statistics are somewhat more incomplete than the species count per genus, because we could not use recent checklists for some countries:
- for 258 countries and regions (93 %) the species count should be largely correct,
- for 8 countries and regions (3 %) the number can be estimated,
- for 10 countries and regions (4 %) we have no recent checklist or reliable statistics. The largest gap exists for the Mascarenes (Reunion and Mauritius), the Lesser Sunda Islands (Bali to Timor), Paraguay and for some African countries (Equatorial Guinea, Congo, Gabon). New orchid floras for these countries are partially underway (Mascarenes and Gabon).
Orchids grow (nearly) everywhere. Only some desert countries (Mauritania, Kuwait, Western Sahara, Qatar, United Arab Emirates), some isolated, species poor islands (Ascension, St. Helena, Kerguelen, Tristan da Cunha etc.) and young coral atolls (Kiribati, Marshall Isl., Nauru) have no indigenous orchids. Desert regions are anyway poor or very poor in orchids, whereas orchids are remarkably tolerant to climate and reach into the far north (Greenland, Alaska) and in the subantarctic south (Tierra del Fuego, Macquarie Island). The number or species increases drastically in the tropics and is extremely high in the mountainous tropics (Colombia, New Guinea, Indonesia, Ecuador, Costa Rica, etc.).
The highest numbers of species per region occur in Colombia, Ecuador, New Guinea, Brazil, Peru, Borneo, and the relatively small Costa Rica. Large countries like China and India follow behind. In this statistics the Malesian islands are counted separately, however. Following the political boundaries, Indonesia with over 5000 species would have by far the most species. The correct number for Indonesia can only be estimated, because a reasonable separation between Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea in todays boundaries cannot be made.
It is quite surprising that the relatively small Ecuador turns out to be the country with the most orchid species (about 4000) This is probably an artificial result and caused by a comparably good treatment of Ecuador (for example Pleurothallidinae by Luer et al.), thorough treatments by Dodson & Luer in the Flora of Ecuador and a checklist (Moeller-Joergensen, ed., 1999). Colombia most certainly harbours more orchid species than Ecuador and catches up quickly by better accessibility in the last years. If the whole island is treated, New Guinea would also be a runner-up for the most orchid species per area. Countries with much more orchid species than recently known include also Bolivia with probably more than 1500 species.
Within the smaller islands Réunion with close to 100 species (precise number not yet known) occupies the first place by a wide margin, caused by its species-rich cloud forests.
Tropical Africa is comparably poor in species, which is the same situation as for vascular plants and insects in total. Madagascar alone has nearly as many species as the whole tropical Africa. A most likely reason is the absence of a real tropical mountain flora in Africa. Many scientists assume that the tropical African rainforest did shrink several times to small islands, caused by major climate shifts.
If considering species density per area, the well known and highly diverse Costa Rica, still covered with many rainforests and cloud forests, shows up in first place, followed by Panama and Ecuador.
High endemism rates (of the species rich regions) are found on the isolated islands with an ancient flora (like Madagascar and New Caledonia), but also on tropical mountain islands like New Guinea, Brazil with a large surface area and the isolated atlantic forests, and, not surprisingly, Western Australia with an equally geographically isolated floristic region.
TOTAL SPECIES COUNT (May 2013): 27.934 (excluding hybrids)
1) Status:
++ modern orchid flora exists
+(+) modern orchid flora has been published partially, but the checklist is complete
+ complete checklist exists
o species have been recorded only partially in modern times
o(+) species have been recorded incompletely, but a modern orchid flora exists partially
- no recent flora or checklist available, species count very imprecise
|
|
Species in database |
end. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature [for Europe only a small selection is listed] |
|
EUROPE |
206 |
|
|
10.291.830 |
Europe in general: Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora Europaea, Vol. 5 (Moore, Webb & Soó 1980) Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986) Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982) Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005) Wild Orchids of Britain and Europe (Davies, Davies & Huxley 1983) Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1995) |
|
Albania |
66 |
0 |
++ |
28.748 |
Die Orchideenflora Albaniens (Gölz & Reinhard 1984) |
|
Austria |
71 |
2 |
++ |
83.858 |
Exkursionsflora von Österreich (Fischer, ed., 1994) Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1995) Wildwachsende Orchideen in Österreich (Redl 1996) |
|
Baleares |
40 |
0 |
++ |
4.912 |
Orquidacies. - In: Flora de Mallorca, Vol. 2 (Barcelo 1978) Flora of Spain and the Balearic Islands: checklist of vascular plants, Vol. 3 (Smythies 1986) Petita guia de las Orquidies de les Balears (Alomar 1994) |
|
Belarus |
33 |
0 |
++ |
207.595 |
Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 1995) Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999) Diversity, state and protection of Orchidaceae species in Lithuania (Gudzinskas 2001) |
|
Belgium |
49 |
0 |
++ |
30.528 |
Les Orchidees de France, Belgique et Luxembourg (Bournerias et al. 1998) Orchidaceae Belgicae (Klopfenstein & Toussaint 1983-87) |
|
Bulgaria |
56 |
0 |
++ |
110.994 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora von Bulgarien (Stojanow & Stafanov 1948) |
|
Corse (Corsica) |
56 |
0 |
++ |
8.680 |
Les quatres flores de France (4. ed., Fournier 1977) |
|
Crete |
51 |
1 |
++ |
8.335 |
Die Orchideen von Kreta und Karpathos (Alibertis 1997) (engl. ed. 1998) Orchidaceae (Scheurer & Jahn). In: Exkursionsflora für Kreta (Jahn & Schönfelder 1995) Orchideen auf Kreta, Karpathos & Kasos (Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001) |
|
Crimea peninsula |
42 |
0 |
++ |
25.993 |
Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 1995) Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999) |
|
former Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic & Slovakia) |
64 |
0 |
++ |
78.864 (Cze.) 49.035 (Slov.) |
Orchideje nasi prirody (Prochazka & Velisek 1983) Orchid distribution and protection in Moravia and Silesia (Husak 1996) Verbreitung und Schutz der Orchideen in Mähren und Schlesien (Jatiova & Smitak 1997) |
|
Denmark |
37 |
0 |
++ |
43.094 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Dansk feltflora (Hansen 1981) Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997) |
|
England (incl. Scotland and Wales, excl. Northern Ireland) |
45 |
2 |
++ |
244.110 |
British & Irish Orchids: a field guide (Ettlinger 1976) Wild Orchids of Scotland (Allan, Woods & Clarks 1993) Orchidaceae. In: Flora of Great Britain, Ireland, Isle of Man and the Channel Islands, Vol. 5 (Sell & Murrell 1997) A Guide to the Wild Orchids of Great Britain and Ireland (Lang 1989) |
|
Estonia |
35 |
1 |
++ |
45.227 |
Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Native orchids in Estonia (Kuusk 1996) |
|
European Turkey |
38 |
0 |
++ |
ca. 40.000 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegaean Islands, Vol. 8 (Renz & Taubenheim 1984) Die Orchideen der Türkei (Kreutz 1999) |
|
Faroe Isl. |
8 |
0 |
++ |
1.399 |
|
|
Finland |
31 |
0 |
++ |
338.144 |
Norsk, svensk, finsk flora (Lid, 5. ed., Gjaerevoll 1985) Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997) Orkideer i Norden (Nylen 1984) Kaemmekaet - Suomen orkideat (Korhonen & Vuokko 1987) |
|
France (except Corse) |
103 |
3 |
++ |
535.285 |
Orchidacées. In: Les quatres flores de France (4. ed., Fournier 1977) Les Orchidees de France, Belgique et Luxembourg (Bournerias et al. 1998) |
|
Germany |
71 |
1 |
++ |
356.970 |
Flora von Deutschland und angrenzender Länder (Schmeil/Fitschen), (89. Auflage 1993, ed. Senghas & Seybold) Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1995) |
|
Greece (incl. western Aegaean, excl. eastern Aegaean, excl. Crete) |
105 |
9 |
++ |
123.600 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Synopsis Flora Graecae: Orchidaceae (Diapulis 1995) The Orchids of Greece - Inventory and Review (Kalopissis 1988) Orchids of Greece (Lepper 1981) |
|
Hungary |
60 |
0 |
++ |
93.030 |
Vadon elo orchideak (Molnar, Sulyok & Videki 1995) |
|
Iceland
|
9 |
0 |
++ |
103.000 |
|
|
Ireland (incl. Northern Ireland) |
28 |
0 |
++ |
70.000 |
British & Irish Orchids: a field guide (Ettlinger 1976) A Guide to the Wild Orchids of Great Britain and Ireland (Lang 1989) |
|
Italy (except islands) |
125 |
11 |
++ |
203.856 |
Orchidee Spontanee d'Italia (Del Prete & Tosi 1988) Orchidaceae (Pignatti). In: Flora d'Italia (Rasetti 1982) Orchidee d’Italia (Sguazzini & Glerean 1981) |
|
Jan Mayen Isl. |
0 |
0 |
++ |
380 |
The Flora of Jan Mayen (Lid 1964) |
|
Latvia |
31 |
0 |
++ |
63.700 |
Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Diversity, state and protection of Orchidaceae species in Lithuania (Gudzinskas 2001) |
|
Lithuania |
34 |
0 |
++ |
65.300 |
Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Diversity, state and protection of Orchidaceae species in Lithuania (Gudzinskas 2001) |
|
Luxemburg |
33 |
0 |
++ |
|
Die Orchideen Luxemburgs (Mangen et al. 1993) Les Orchidees de France, Belgique et Luxembourg (Bournerias et al. 1998) |
|
Malta (incl. Gozo) |
26 |
1 |
++ |
316 |
A Flora of the Maltese Islands (Haslam, Sell & Wolseley 1977) Le Orchidaceae dell'archipelago maltese (Bartolo et al. 2001) |
|
Moldavia |
15 |
0 |
o |
33.700 |
Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 1995) Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999) |
|
Netherlands |
42 |
0 |
++ |
33.920 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora van Nederland (21. ed.) (Heuckels & van der Meijden 1990) De orchideen van Nederland - ecologie - verspreiding - bedreiging - beheer (Kreutz & Dekker 2000) |
|
Norway |
35 |
0 |
++ |
385.639 |
Norsk, svensk, finsk flora (Lid, 5. ed. von Gjaerevoll 1985) Orkideer i Norden (Nylen 1984) Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997) |
|
Poland |
47 |
0 |
++ |
312.684 |
Orchids of Poland (Szlachetko & Skakuj 1996) Storczyki Zachodniej Czesci Polskich Beskidow (Bernacki 1999) Orchidaceae. - In: Atlas Flory Polskiej i Ziem Osciennych, Vol. 5, pt. 1 (Madalski 1971) |
|
Portugal |
52 |
0 |
++ |
89.357 |
The Orchid Flora of Portugal (Tyteca 1997) |
|
Romania |
64 |
1 |
++ |
237.500 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora Romaniei, Vol. II (Beldie 1979) |
|
Russia (European parts, excl. Caucasus and Transcaucasus) |
78 |
0 |
++ |
ca. 5.000.000 |
Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 1995) Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999) Orkhidei nachei strany (Vakhrameeva et al. 1991) |
|
Sardegna |
53 |
2 |
++ |
23.318 |
Orchidee spontanee della Sardegna (Giotta & Picitto 1990) Orchidee spontanee della Sardegna (Scrugli 1991) Orchidee Spontanee d'Italia (Del Prete & Tosi 1988) Orchidaceae (Pignatti). In: Flora d'Italia (Rasetti 1982) Orchidee. Specie spontanee (Liverani 1991) Orchidee d’Italia (Sguazzini & Glerean 1981) Orchidacee d’Italia (Grünanger 2001) |
|
Sicily (incl. Pantelleria Isl.) |
66 |
1 |
++ |
25.426 |
Orchidee Spontanee d'Italia (Del Prete & Tosi 1988) Orchidaceae (Pignatti). In: Flora d'Italia (Rasetti 1982) Orchidee d’Italia (Sguazzini & Glerean 1981) |
|
Spain (excl. Baleares) |
90 |
3 |
++ |
498.717 |
Flora of Spain and the Balearic Islands: checklist of vascular plants, Vol. 3 (Smythies 1986) |
|
Sweden (incl. Gotland, Øland) |
46 |
1 |
++ |
449.964 |
Norsk, svensk, finsk flora (Lid, 5. ed. von Gjaerevoll 1985) Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997) Orkideer i Norden (Nylen 1984) |
|
Switzerland |
66 |
0 |
++ |
41.285 |
Schul- und Exkursionsflora für die Schweiz (19. ed.) (Binz & Heiz 1990) Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1994) Die Orchideen der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Reinhard et al. 1991) Die Orchideen der Schweiz (Danesch 1984) Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Hess, Landolt & Hirzel 1967-1970) |
|
Ukraine (excl. Crimea) |
40 |
0 |
++ |
603.700 |
Orchids of Ukraine (Sobko 1989, in russian) Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 1995) Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999) |
|
former Yugoslavia (Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Serbia, Macedonia, Montenegro) |
97 |
0 |
++ |
255.000 |
Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986) Die Orchideenflora Montenegros (Parolly 1991, in Mitt. Bl. AHO Bad.-Württ., Vol. 24) |
|
|
Species in database |
end. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature |
|
MACARONESIA |
13 |
|
|
14.294 |
Macaronesia in general: Flora of Macaronesia, Checklist of Vascular Plants, 4th ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993) Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005) |
|
Azores |
3 |
2 |
++ |
2.247 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora Europaea, Vol. 5 (Soó 1980) Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986) Die Orchideen der Azoren (Frey 1977) |
|
Canary Isl. |
8 |
2 |
++ |
7.273 |
Exkursionsflora für die Kanarischen Inseln (Hohenester & Weiss 1993) Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986) |
|
Madeira (incl. Ilhas Desertas, Porto Santo, Salvajes Isl.) |
5 |
2 |
++ |
741 |
Flora of Madeira (Press 1994) Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986) Beitrag zur Kenntnis und Verbreitung der Orchideen von Madeira (Rückbrodt & Rückbrodt 1990) |
|
Cape Verde Isl. |
3 |
1 |
+ |
4.033 |
Flora of Macaronesia, Checklist of Vascular Plants, 4th ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993) |
|
|
Species in database |
end. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature |
|
NORTHERN AFRICA |
55 |
|
|
4.756.888 |
Northern Africa in general: Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986) Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982) Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005) |
|
Algeria |
45 |
0 |
++ |
2.381.740 |
Nouvelle Flore de l'Algerie (Quezel & Santa 1962) |
|
Egypt (except Sinai peninsula) |
0 |
0 |
++ |
938.915 |
Flora of Egypt, Vol. 1: Azollaceae - Oxalidaceae (Boulos 1999) Conspectus Florae Orientalis, Vol. 6 (Heller & Heyn 1991) |
|
Libya |
10 |
1 |
++ |
1.757.000 |
Orchidaceae (Flora Libia, Fasc. 119) (Hossain & El-Gadi 1985) Zur Kenntnis der Orchideenflora der Cyrenaika (Libyen) (Baumann & Baumann 2001) |
|
Morocco |
41 |
2 |
++ |
453.730 |
Les orchidées du Maroc (Raynaud 1985) |
|
Tunisia |
35 |
1 |
++ |
164.418 |
Orchidées de Tunisie (Valles & Valles-Lombard 1988) |
|
|
Species in database |
end. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature |
|
TROPICAL AFRICA |
1743 |
|
|
22.833.594 |
Tropical Africa in general: Enumeration des Plantes a Fleurs d'Afrique Tropicale, Vol. 3 (Lebrun & Stork 1995) [without exact distribution, islands omitted] |
|
Angola |
212 |
20 |
+ |
1.246.700 |
A provisional checklist of the Orchidaceae of Angola (Schelpe 1976) |
|
Annobon Isl. |
28 |
4 |
o |
ca. 1.500 |
Catalogue of the vascular plants of S. Tomé etc. (Exell 1944, with supplement 1956) Checklist of Equatorial Guinean Flora (Royal Jardin Botanico Madrid, Internet) |
|
Ascension Isl. |
0 |
0 |
+ |
88 |
[treated in: The Endemic Flora of St. Helena (Cronk 2000)] |
|
Benin (Dahomey) |
10 |
0 |
++ |
112.622 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931) Flora of Benin, Vol. 1 (Souza 1987) |
|
Bioko Isl. (Fernando Poo) |
108 |
7 |
+ |
2017 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931) Checklist of Equatorial Guinean Flora (Royal Jardin Botanico Madrid, Internet) |
|
Botswana |
23 |
0 |
++ |
581.730 |
Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98) Orchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999) |
|
Burkina Faso (Upper Volta) |
10 |
0 |
+ |
274.200 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931) Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso (Lebrun et al. 1991) |
|
Burundi |
172 |
6 |
++ |
27.834 |
Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/199 |
|
Cameroon |
379 |
55 |
++ |
475.442 |
Flore du Cameroun, Vol. 34-36: Orchidaceae 1-3 (Szlachetko & Olszewski 1998/2001) |
|
Central African Republic |
158 |
14 |
+ |
622.436 |
Catalogue de la flore de Centrafrique (Boulevert 1977) Orchids of the Central African Republic (Cribb & Fay 1987) |
|
Chad |
10 |
0 |
+ |
1.284.000 |
Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Tchad meridional (Lebrun et al. 1972, with supplements 1976, 1977, 1986) |
|
Congo |
165 [too low?] |
9 |
o |
342.000 |
Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo (Sita & Moutsambote 1988) |
|
Democratic Republic Congo (Zaire) |
540 |
52 |
++ |
2.344.885 |
Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/199 |
|
Djibouti |
1 |
0 |
+ |
23.200 |
Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la République de Djibouti (Lebrun et al. 1990) |
|
Equatorial Guinea (Rio Muni, except Bioko and Annobon) |
113 |
4 |
o |
24.500 |
Checklist of Equatorial Guinean Flora (Royal Jardin Botanico Madrid, Internet) |
|
Eritrea |
24 |
0 |
++ |
121.144 |
Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, Vol. 6 (Cribb & Thomas 1997) |
|
Ethiopia |
165 |
23 |
++ |
1.133.380 |
Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, Vol. 6 (Cribb & Thomas 1997) |
|
Gabon |
198 |
22 |
o (+) |
267.667 |
Orchidaceae 1 (Szlachetko & Olszewski 2000). In: Flore du Gabon (Morat, ed.) |
|
Gambia |
9 |
0 |
+ |
11.295 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931) |
|
Ghana |
157 |
2 |
+ |
238.500 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931) |
|
Guinea |
116 |
?1 |
++ |
245.857 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931) Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée (Lisowski 2011) |
|
Guinea-Bissau |
26 |
0 |
+ |
36.125 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931) |
|
Ivory Coast (Cote d'Ivoire) |
214 |
3 |
++ |
322.462 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931) Les Orchidees de Cote d’Ivoire (Perez-Vera 2003) |
|
Kenya |
257 |
14 |
++ |
582.646 |
Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989) Orchids of Kenya (Stewart 1996) |
|
Liberia |
135 |
3 |
+ |
99.067 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931) |
|
Malawi |
408 |
20 |
++ |
118.484 |
Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98) |
|
Mali |
14 |
0 |
+ |
1.240.192 |
Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali (Boudet et al. 1986) |
|
Mauretania |
0 |
0 |
+ |
1.030.700 |
Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Mauritanie et du Sahara occidental (Lebrun 1998) |
|
Mozambique |
182 |
7 |
++ |
799.380 |
Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98) A Provisional Check-List of the Orchidaceae of Mozambique (Schelpe 1976) |
|
Niger |
1 |
0 |
+ |
1.267.000 |
Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Niger (Fabrègues & Lebrun 1976) |
|
Nigeria |
279 |
12 |
+ |
923.768 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931) Orchids of Nigeria (Segerbäck et al. 1983) |
|
Pemba Isl. |
14 |
0 |
++ |
982 |
Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989) |
|
Principe Isl. |
63 |
5 |
++ |
146 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931) Catalogue of the vascular plants of S. Tomé etc. (Exell 1944, with supplement 1956) Guide des Orchidees de Sao Tome et Principe (Stevart & de Oliveira (2000) |
|
Rwanda |
183 |
21 |
++ |
26.338 |
Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/199 |
|
Sao Tomé |
100 |
21 |
++ |
855 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931) Catalogue of the vascular plants of S. Tomé etc. (Exell 1944, with supplement 1956) Guide des Orchidees de Sao Tome et Principe (Stevart & de Oliveira (2000) |
|
Senegal |
41 |
0 |
++ |
196.722 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931) Orchidaceae (van den Berghen). - In: Flore Illustree du Senegal, Vol. 9 (Berhault 1988) Enumeration des plantes vasculaires du Senegal (Lebrun 1973) |
|
Sierra Leone |
156 |
4 |
+ |
71.740 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931) |
|
Somalia |
10 |
0 |
++ |
637.700 |
The plants of Somalia: an overview and checklist (Kuchar 1986) Orchidaceae (Pettersson). - In: Flora of Somalia, Vol. 4 (Thulin 1995) |
|
St. Helena |
0 |
0 |
++ |
122 |
The Endemic Flora of St. Helena (Cronk 2000) |
|
Sudan |
75 |
0 |
+ |
2.505.800 |
The flowering plants of the anglo-aegyptian Sudan, Vol. 3 (Andrews 1956) |
|
Tanzania (except islands) |
564 |
98 |
++ |
942.626 |
Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989) |
|
Togo |
80 |
0 |
++ |
56.785 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931) Flore analytique du Togo (Brunel & Butzin 1985, in Englera 4) |
|
Tristan da Cunha (incl. surrounding islands) |
0 |
0 |
+ |
202 |
The terrestrial botany of the Tristan da Cunha Islands (Wace & Dixon 1965) |
|
Uganda |
296 |
8 |
++ |
241.038 |
Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989) |
|
Western Sahara (Spanish Sahara) |
0 |
0 |
+ |
267.769 |
Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Mauritanie et du Sahara occidental (Lebrun 1998) |
|
Zambia |
394 |
21 |
++ |
752.614 |
Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98) |
|
Zanzibar |
21 |
0 |
++ |
1.660 |
Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989) |
|
Zimbabwe |
347 |
18 |
++ |
390.759 |
Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98) A list of orchids indigenous in Rhodesia (Grosvenor 1976) |
|
|
Species in database |
endem. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature |
|
SOUTHERN AFRICA |
469 |
|
|
2.091.077 |
Southern Africa in general: Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993) Orchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999) |
|
Lesotho |
59 |
0 |
++ |
30.355 |
|
|
Namibia |
18 |
1 |
++ |
824.269 |
List of Namibian Plant Species (Kolberg et al. 1992) |
|
South Africa |
461 |
252 |
++ |
1.219.090 |
|
|
Swaziland |
91 |
2 |
++ |
17.363 |
The Flora of Swaziland: Orchidaceae (Compton 1976) |
|
|
Species in database |
end. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature
|
|
INDIAN OCEAN |
1090 |
|
|
601.231 |
Indian Ocean in general: Kritische Aufzählung der bisher von Madagaskar, den Maskarenen, Komoren und Seychellen bekanntgewordenen Orchidaceen (Schlechter 1915, in Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33) |
|
Chagos Archipelago (Diego Garcia etc.) |
0 |
0 |
+ |
30 |
An annotated check list of the flora of Diego Garcia, British Indian Ocean Territory (Topp 1988) |
|
Comoros |
92 |
34 |
+ |
1.862 |
The orchids of Madagascar: annotated checklist (Du Puy et al. 1999) |
|
Madagascar |
895 |
776 |
+ |
587.041 |
The orchids of Madagascar: annotated checklist (Du Puy et al. 1999) Orchids of Madagascar, ed. 2 (Hermans 2007) |
|
Mauritius |
95 [too high] |
15 |
- |
1.865 |
Schlechter, R. (1915): Kritische Aufzählung der bisher von Madagaskar, den Maskarenen, Komoren und Seychellen bekanntgewordenen Orchidaceen. - Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33 |
|
Réunion |
187 [too high] |
100 [too high] |
- |
2.510 |
Orchids of Reunion (Cadet 1989) [incomplete] Schlechter, R. (1915): Kritische Aufzählung der bisher von Madagaskar, den Maskarenen, Komoren und Seychellen bekanntgewordenen Orchidaceen. - Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33 |
|
Rodrigues Isl. |
6 |
0 |
- |
109 |
Schlechter, R. (1915): Kritische Aufzählung der bisher von Madagaskar, den Maskarenen, Komoren und Seychellen bekanntgewordenen Orchidaceen. - Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33 |
|
Seychelles |
21 |
6 |
+ |
454 |
Flowering Plants of Seychelles (Robertson 1989) |
|
Subantarctic islands of the Indian Ocean (Marion Isl., Iles Crozet, Iles Kerguelen, Heard & McDonald Isl. etc.) |
0 |
0 |
+ |
|
Biota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database) |
|
|
Species in database |
end. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature |
|
ARABIAN PENINSULA AND SOCOTRA |
26 |
|
|
3.194.603 |
Arabia in general: The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33) New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986) Conspectus Florae Orientalis, Vol. 6 (Heller & Heyn 1991) |
|
Bahrain |
0 |
0 |
++ |
707 |
|
|
Kuwait |
0 |
0 |
++ |
17.820 |
Flora of Kuwait (Daoud 1976) |
|
Oman (incl. Mascat, Dhofar) |
8 |
0 |
++ |
309.500 |
|
|
Qatar |
0 |
0 |
++ |
11.427 |
|
|
Saudi Arabia |
4 |
0 |
++ |
2.240.000 |
Flora of Eastern Saudi-Arabia (Mandaville 1990) Orchidaceae, in: Flora of Saudi-Arabia, 3. Aufl. (Migahid 1989) |
|
Socotra (incl. Abd-al-Kuri Isl.) |
4 |
1 |
++ |
3.579 |
Ethnoflora of Soqotra (Miller & Morris 2004) |
|
United Arab Emirates |
0 |
0 |
++ |
83.600 |
|
|
Yemen |
19 |
0 |
++ |
527.970 |
|
|
|
Species in database |
end. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature |
|
WESTERN ASIA |
142 |
|
|
2.810.527 |
Western Asia in general: Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986) Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982) Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005) Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen - Catalogue of European Orchids (Kreutz 2005) Conspectus Florae Orientalis, Vol. 6 (Heller & Heyn 1991) |
|
Afghanistan |
14 |
0 |
++ |
652.225 |
Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) |
|
Anatolia (except European Turkey) |
105 |
9 |
++ |
ca. 74.000 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegaean Islands, Vol. 8 (Renz & Taubenheim 1984) Die Orchideen der Türkei (Kreutz 1999) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey, Vol. 11 (Supplement (Kreutz 2000) Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986) Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982) |
|
Armenia |
39 |
0 |
+ |
29.800 |
Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 1995) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [S-Aserbaidshan, Talysh-Region] |
|
Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh region) |
41 |
0 |
+ |
86.600 |
Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 1995) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [Talysh region only] Orchidaceae (Karjagin). - In: Flora of Aserbaidshan II (1952) |
|
Caucasus (Russian parts) |
50 |
0 |
++ |
|
Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 1995) Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999) Orkhidei nachei strany (Vakhrameeva et al. 1991) |
|
Cyprus |
43 |
2 |
++ |
9.251 |
Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986) Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982) Orchidaceae (J. J. Wood). - In: Flora of Cyprus, Vol. 2 (Meikle 1985) Orchids of Cyprus (Morschek & Morschek 1996) |
|
Eastern Aegaean (Rhodos, Karpathos, Kos, Samos, Lesbos, Chios, Ikaria, Lemnos etc.) |
70 |
7 |
++ |
ca. 7.000 |
Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986) Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegaean Islands, Vol. 8 (Renz & Taubenheim 1984) Die Orchideen von Kreta und Karpathos (Alibertis 1997) Orchideen auf Rhodos (Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001) Orchideen auf Kreta, Karpathos & Kasos (Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001) |
|
Georgia (= Gruziya, incl. Abkhazia) |
46 |
0 |
+ |
69.700 |
Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 1995) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) |
|
Iran |
49 |
0 |
++ |
1.648.000 |
Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) |
|
Iraq |
24 |
0 |
++ |
438.317 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Iraq, Vol. 8 (Wood 1985) |
|
Israel and Palestine |
33 |
2 |
++ |
21.946 |
Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986) Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982) Annotated List of the Orchids of Israel (Dafni et al. 1986) Orchids of Israel (Dafni 1981) Flora Palestina, pt. IV (Feinbrun-Dothan 1986) |
|
Jordan |
15 |
0 |
++ |
89.556 |
The Orchids of Jordan (Al-Eisawi 1986) |
|
Lebanon |
42 |
0 |
++ |
10.230 |
Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986) Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982) Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie I (Mouterde 1966) Die Orchideen der Levante (Fragman & Kretzschmar, in prep.) |
|
Sinai peninsula |
1 |
0 |
++ |
58.824 |
Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986) Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982) Flora of Egypt, Vol. 1: Azollaceae - Oxalidaceae (Boulos 1999) |
|
Syria |
43 |
0 |
++ |
185.180 |
Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986) Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie, Vol. I (Mouterde 1966) Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982) |
|
|
Species in database |
end. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature |
|
NORTHERN, CENTRAL AND EASTERN ASIA |
1534 |
|
|
27.875.469 |
|
|
Asiatic part of Russia (Siberia, Kamchatka, Kuril Isl., Amur, Ussuri, Sakhalin, Primorye, Commander Isl.) |
86 |
3 |
+ |
ca. 11.000.000 (Siberia) 76.400 (Sakhalin) 15.600 (Kuril Isl.) 518.000 (Kamt.) |
Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 1995) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) |
|
China (excl. Tibet, excl. Taiwan, incl. Hongkong) [Anhui 50, Chongqing 26, Fujian 126, Gansu 83, Guangdong 166, Guangxi 254, Guizhou 214, Hainan 215, Hebei 29, Heilongjiang 23, Henan 38, Hongkong 45, Hubei 99, Hunan 99, Jiangsu 21, Jiangxi 67, Jilin 30, Liaoning 26, Nei Mongol 26, Ningxia 7, Qinghai 29, Shaanxi 63, Shandong 13, Shanxi 29, Sichuan 304, Xinjiang 15, Yunnan 861, Zhejiang 77] |
1187 |
347 |
++ |
8.351.300 |
Flora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.) Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999) Native Orchids of China in Colour (Singchi = Xinqi et al. 1998) |
|
Japan (incl. Yakushima Isl., excl. Ryukyu and Bonin Isl.) |
187 |
29 |
++ |
372.769 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Japan (Ohwi 1965) |
|
Kazakhstan |
18 |
0 |
+ |
2.717.300 |
Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 1995) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Kazakhstan SSR (Kuznetzov & Pavlov 1958) |
|
Korea (North and South Korea) (incl. Cheju Do Isl.) |
107 |
9 |
+ |
120.500 (North) 99.300 (South) |
Orchidaceae. - In: Illustrated Flora of Korea (Lee 1985) |
|
Kirgisia (Kyrgysztan) |
10 |
0 |
+ |
198.500 |
Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 1995) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Kirgistan III (Shishkin & Vvedensky 1951) |
|
Mongolia |
26 |
0 |
+ |
1.566.500 |
Key to the Vascular Plants of Mongolia (Grubov 198 |
|
Ryukyu Isl. |
127 |
4 |
++ |
4.700 |
Orchids of Southern Ryukyu Islands (Garay & Sweet 1974) [incl. checklist of northern Ryukyu Isl.] Flora of Okinawa and the Southern Ryukyu Islands (Walker 1976) |
|
Tajikistan (Tadschikistan) |
11 |
0 |
+ |
143.100 |
Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 1995) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Tadshikistan (Ovchinnikov 1963) |
|
Taiwan (Formosa) (incl. Lanyu Isl.) |
390 |
121 |
++ |
36.000 |
Flora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.) Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999) Flora of Taiwan (Li et al., 1975-79) Native Orchids of Taiwan (Lin 1975-1987, 3 vols.) |
|
Tibet |
272 |
7 |
++ |
1.220.000 |
Flora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.) Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999) Native Orchids of China in Colour (Singchi et al. 1998) |
|
Turkestan (Turkmenistan) |
13 |
0 |
+ |
488.100 |
Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 1995) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) |
|
Uzbekistan |
9 |
0 |
+ |
447.400 |
Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 1995) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968) Orchidaceae (Czerniakowska). - In: Flora Uzbekistanica I (Schreiber, ed., 1941) |
|
|
Species in database |
end. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature |
|
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT AND INDOCHINA |
2528 |
|
|
7.233.604 |
|
|
Andaman Isl., Nicobar Isl. |
121 |
22 |
+ |
8.249 |
Plant Resources of the Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Vol. 2 (Dagar & Singh 1999, checklist) |
|
Bangladesh |
141 |
0 |
o |
147.570 |
|
|
Bhutan |
379 |
12 |
++ |
47.000 |
Flora of Bhutan, Vol. 3.3 (Orchidaceae) (2001) |
|
Burma (Myanmar) |
803 |
93 |
o |
676.552 |
Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Myanmar (Monocotyledonae) (Smithsonian Institute, Internet-Version) |
|
Cambodia |
183 |
5 |
++ |
181.035 |
The Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992) |
|
India (excl. Sikkim, incl. Jammu & Kashmir and Assam) [without province 162, Andhra Pradesh 2, Arunachal Pradesh 540, Assam s. lat. 339, Benghal 33, Bihar 13, Chota Nagpur 38, Coorg 4, Darjeeling 286, Deccan region 44, Duars 25, Garhwal 71, Gujarat 2, Himachal Pradesh 4, Kanara 22, Karnataka 28, Kerala 72, Khasia 114, Kumaon 82, Lower Bengal 5, Madhya Pradesh 3, Maharashtra 10, Malabar 18, Manipur 89, Meghalaya 288, Mussoorie 23, Mysore 8, Nagaland 64, North Bengal 20, Orissa 58, Silhet 13, Simla 19, Tamil Nadu 82, Terai 23, Uttar Pradesh 229, West Bengal 26, Western Ghats 59] |
1143 |
285 |
+(+) |
3.278.967 |
A catalogue of Indian Orchids (Sathish Kumar & Manilal 1994) Orchid flora of Arunachal Pradesh (Chowdhery 1998) Orchids of India (2nd ed.) (Bose et al. 1999) Orchids of Kumaon Himalaya (Pangtey et al. 1991) Orchids of Meghalaya (Kataki 1986) Orchids of Mussoorie (Raizada et al. 1981) Orchids of Nagaland (Deorani & Naithani 1995) Orchids of Nagaland (Hynniewta et al. 2000) Orchids of Nilgiris (2nd. ed., Joseph 1987) Orchids of Western Ghats (Kumar 1995) Flora of Hassan District Karnataka (Saldanha et al. 1976) The Orchids of Bombay (Santapau & Kapadia 1966) The Orchid Flora of NW-Himalaya (Deva & Naithani 1986) Monocotyledonous Plants of Uttar Pradesh: A Checklist (Uniyal et al. 1999) |
|
Laos |
357 |
17 |
++ |
236.800 |
The Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992) |
|
Maldives |
1 |
0 |
- |
298 |
|
|
Nepal |
376 |
16 |
++ |
147.181 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal (Press, Shrestha & Sutton 2001) The Orchids of Nepal Himalaya (Banerji & Pradhan 1984) Orchids of Nepal (Banerji 1978) |
|
Pakistan (incl. Gilgit, Baltistan, Pakistani Kashmir, excl. Jammu & Kashmir) |
51 |
0 |
++ |
796.095 |
Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [only northern and western part] Flora of Pakistan, no. 164 (Renz 1984) |
|
Sikkim |
465 |
22 |
++ |
7.300 |
Flora of Bhutan, Vol. 3.3 (Orchidaceae) (Pearce & Cribb 2002) |
|
Sri Lanka (Ceylon) |
192 |
55 |
++ |
65.610 |
Orchidaceae, Apostasiaceae (Jayaweera). In: A Revised Handbook of the Flora of Ceylon, Vol. 2 (Dassanayake, ed., 1981) |
|
Thailand |
1158 |
171 |
++ |
513.115 |
Contributions to the Orchid Flora of Thailand / Orchid Genera in Thailand, 1-13 (Seidenfaden 1972-1998) A Field Guide to the Wild Orchids of Thailand (Vaddhanaphuti 2001) |
|
Vietnam |
989 |
228 |
+ |
331.690 |
The Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992) Identification Guide to Vietnamese Orchids (Averyanov 1994) Preliminary List of the Vietnamese Orchids, Vol. 1-2 (Averyanov 1988) Updated Checklist of the Orchids of Vietnam (Averyanov & Averyanova 2004) |
|
|
Species in database |
end. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature |
|
MALESIA |
6994 |
|
|
2.959.296 |
|
|
Bismarck Archipelago (New Britain, New Ireland, New Hanover, Admirality Isl., Manus Isl. etc.) |
212 [much too low] |
45 |
++ |
48.500 |
A. Schuiteman & Ed de Vogel (2001-2010, CD-ROM): Flora Malesiana: Orchids of New Guinea: illustrated checklist and genera. Part 1: Checklist and genera (2001). Part 2: Genus Dendrobium and allied genera (2002). Part 3: Genera Acanthephippium to Hymenorchis (2005). Part 4: Genera Kuhlhasseltia to Ophioglossella (2006). Part 5: Genera Pachystoma to Zeuxine (2008). Part 6: Genus Bulbophyllum (2010). |
|
Borneo (Sarawak, Sabah, Kalimantan, incl. Natuna Isl., Riouw Arch., excl. Brunei) |
1599 |
878 |
++ |
737.619 |
A Checklist of the Orchids of Borneo (Wood & Cribb 1994) Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 1 (Chan et al. 1994) Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 2 (Vermeulen 1991) Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 3 (Wood 1997) Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 4 (Wood 2003) |
|
Brunei |
218 |
10 |
+(+) |
5.765 |
Orchidaceae (Wood). In: A Checklist of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Brunei Darussalam (Wong & Dransfield, ed., 1996) |
|
Java (incl. Madura Isl.) |
782 |
187 |
++ |
130.520 |
Orchids of Java (Comber 1991) |
|
Lesser Sunda Islands (Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba, Timor, Wetar, etc.) |
201 |
47 |
- |
ca. 80.000 |
|
|
East Timor |
? |
2 |
- |
14.919 |
In most treatments not separated from Indonesian Timor |
|
peninsular Malaysia (excl. Sarawak, excl. Singapur, incl. Langkawi Isl.) |
880 |
168 |
++ |
131.598 |
Orchids of peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (Seidenfaden & Wood 1992) |
|
Moluccas (Tanimbar, Kei, Aru, Banda, Ambon, Seram, Buru, Sula, Obi, Bacan, Halmaheira, Ternate, Tidore, Morotai, Talaud, etc.) |
423 |
168 |
+ |
74.500 |
Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002, in Lindleyana 17) |
|
New Guinea (Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea, incl. d'Entrecasteaux Isl., Louisiade Arch., Rennell Isl., Trobriand Isl., Woodlark Isl., Misool Isl., excl. Bismarck Arch. and Solomons) |
2761 |
2248 |
++ |
800.000 |
The Orchids of the High Mountains of New Guinea (van Royen 1980) Lowland Orchids of Papua New Guinea (O'Byrne 1994) A. Schuiteman & Ed de Vogel (2001-2010, CD-ROM): Flora Malesiana: Orchids of New Guinea: illustrated checklist and genera. Part 1: Checklist and genera (2001). Part 2: Genus Dendrobium and allied genera (2002). Part 3: Genera Acanthephippium to Hymenorchis (2005). Part 4: Genera Kuhlhasseltia to Ophioglossella (2006). Part 5: Genera Pachystoma to Zeuxine (2008). Part 6: Genus Bulbophyllum (2010). |
|
Philippines (incl. Palawan) |
1102 |
747 |
++ |
300.000 |
Orchidiana Philippiniana (Valmayor 1984) The Orchids of the Philippines (Cootes 2001) (darin Checkliste) |
|
Singapore |
85 |
1 |
++ |
648 |
Orchids of peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (Seidenfaden & Wood 1992) A Guide to the Orchids of Singapore (Tan & Sin 1995) |
|
Solomons (incl. Bougainville) |
300 |
39 |
++ |
27.556 |
Orchids of the Solomon Islands and Bougainville (Lewis & Cribb 1991) |
|
Sulawesi (Celebes) (incl. Selayar, Banggai, Sangihe) |
634 |
380 |
+ |
189.070 |
Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002, in Lindleyana 17) |
|
Sumatra (incl. Mentawai, Enggano, Nias, Simalue, Lingga, Anambas, Krakatau, Bangka, Belitung, etc.) |
1150 |
468 |
++ |
425.150 |
Orchids of Sumatra (Comber 2001) |
|
|
Species in database |
end. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature |
|
|
AUSTRALIA (excl. Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands) |
1397 |
|
|
7.690.849 |
Australia in general: Census of Australian Vascular Plants (Hnatiuk 1990) Catalogue of Australian Orchidaceae (Clements 1989) Native Orchids of Australia (Jones 1987) A Complete Guide to Native Orchids of Australia (Jones 2006) |
|
|
New South Wales (incl. Australian Capital Territory) |
432 |
130 |
++ |
801.500 |
Field Guide to the Orchids of New South Wales and Victoria (Bishop 1996) |
|
Northern Territory |
41 |
8 |
+ |
1.346.200 |
|
|
Queensland |
442 |
166 |
+ |
1.727.200 |
|
|
South Australia |
212 |
64 |
++ |
984.400 |
Flora of South Australia, pt. I (Black 1960) Orchids of South Australia (Bates & Weber 1990) |
|
Tasmania |
201 |
68 |
++ |
68.300 |
Contributions to Tasmanian Orchidology (Jones 1998) The Orchids of Tasmania (Jones et al. 1999) |
|
Victoria |
305 |
65 |
++ |
227.600 |
Field Guide to the Orchids of New South Wales and Victoria (Bishop 1996) The Orchids of Victoria (Backhouse & Jeanes 1995) |
|
Western Australia |
376 |
336 |
++ |
2.535.500 |
Orchids of Western Australia (Dixon et al. 1989) Orchids of SW-Australia (3rd ed.) (Hoffmann & Brown 2001) |
|
Christmas Island |
13 |
3 |
++ |
135 |
Flora of Australia, Vol. 49 (Oceanic Islands I) (1993) |
|
|
Cocos Island (Keeling Island) |
0 |
0 |
++ |
14 |
Flora of Australia, Vol. 49 (Oceanic Islands I) (1993) |
|
|
Macquarie Isl. |
1 |
1 |
++ |
123 |
Biota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database) Flora of Australia, Vol. 50 (Oceanic Islands II) (1994) |
|
|
|
Species in database |
end. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature |
|
WESTERN AND CENTRAL PACIFIC |
647 |
|
|
349.946 |
Pacific in general: Vegetation of the Tropical Pacific Islands (Mueller-Dombois & Fosberg 1998) |
|
American Samoa (Eastern Samoa) |
55 |
0 |
++ |
203 |
Orchids of Samoa (Cribb & Whistler 1996) Vegetation of Eastern Samoa (Whistler 1980) Plants of the Manua Islands (Yuncker 1945) |
|
Antipodes Isl. |
2 |
0 |
++ |
20 |
Biota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database) The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999) |
|
Auckland Isl. |
10 |
0 |
++ |
551 |
Biota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database) The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999) |
|
Austral Islands (Tubuai Isl., incl. Rapa Iti) |
11 |
1 |
++ |
148 |
Les orchidees de Tubuai (Hallé 1980) Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931) |
|
Banaba Isl. (Ocean Isl.) |
0 |
0 |
+ |
5 |
A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg et al. 1987) |
|
Bonin Isl. (Ogasawara Isl.) and Volcano Isl. (Kazan-retto, incl. Iwo-jima Isl.) |
13 |
5 |
++ |
132 |
A revised list of vascular plants indigenous and introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands (Kobayashi & Ono 1987) Flora of the Bonin Islands (Toyoda 1981) |
|
Campbell Isl. |
5 |
0 |
++ |
137 |
Biota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database) The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999) |
|
Chatham Isl. |
18 |
1 |
++ |
963 |
The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999) |
|
Christmas Isl. (Kiritimati) [to Kiribati] |
0 |
0 |
+ |
321 |
Plants of Christmas Island (Chock & Hamilton 196 |
|
Cook Isl. (northern and southern Cook Isl., incl. Rarotonga Isl.) |
10 |
1 |
o |
230 |
Flora of Rarotonga (Wilder 1931) |
|
Fiji |
175 |
47 |
++ |
18.376 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora vitiensis nova, Vol. 5 (Kores 1991) |
|
Federal States of Micronesia (central and eastern Carolines: Truk, Yap, Pohnpei, Kosrae, etc.) |
61 |
27 |
+ |
702 |
A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg et al. 1987) |
|
Gambier Isl. (incl. Mangareva Isl.) |
0 |
0 |
+ |
50 |
Census of the flora of the Gambier Islands, Polynesia (St. John 1988) Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931) |
|
Gilbert Isl. [to Kiribati] |
0 |
0 |
+ |
311 |
A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg et al. 1987) |
|
Hawaii |
3 |
3 |
++ |
16.729 |
Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i (2nd, rev. ed.) (Wagner, Herbst & Sohmer 2000) |
|
Henderson Isl., Ducie Atoll |
0 |
0 |
+ |
37 |
Henderson Island (Southeast Polynesia) (Fosberg et al. 1983) Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931) |
|
Kermadec Isl. |
3 |
0 |
++ |
36 |
The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999) Kermadec Islands Flora: An Annotated Check List (Sykes 1977) New records and other information on the vascular flora of the Kermadec Islands (Sykes & West 1996) |
|
Line Isl. (northern and southern Line Isl.) [partly to Kiribati, partly to USA] |
0 |
0 |
+ |
436 |
Notes on the vascular flora and terrestrial vertebrates of Caroline Atoll, Southern Line Islands (Clapp & Sibley 1971) Checklist of the vascular plants of the northern Line Islands (Wester 1985) |
|
Lord Howe Isl. |
12 |
2 |
++ |
154 |
Flora of Australia, Vol. 50 (Oceanic Islands II) (1994) |
|
Marcus Isl. |
0 |
0 |
+ |
5 |
A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg et al. 1987) |
|
Marquesas Isl. |
3 |
0 |
+ |
1.020 |
D. H. Lorence (pers. comm., 2001) Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931) |
|
Marshall Isl. |
0 |
0 |
+ |
174 |
A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg et al. 1987) |
|
Nauru |
0 |
0 |
+ |
21 |
A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg et al. 1987) |
|
New Caledonia (incl. Ile des Pins, Ile Art, Loyalty Isl.) |
210 |
103 |
++ |
19.058 |
www.endemia.nc (Website for New Caledonian Flora and Fauna) Flore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances, Vol. 8 (Hallé 1977) Orchidees Indigenes de Nouvelle-Caledonie (Société Néo-Caledonienne d’Orchidophilie 1995) Checklist of New Caledonian Orchidaceae (Clements & Jones 1999, in Orchadian 13) |
|
New Zealand |
107 |
53 |
++ |
270.000 |
The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999) |
|
Niue Isl. |
17 |
0 |
++ |
264 |
The flora of Niue Island (Yuncker 1943) Contributions to the flora of Niue (Sykes 1970) |
|
Norfolk Isl. |
10 |
0 |
++ |
39 |
Flora of Australia, Vol. 50 (Oceanic Islands II) (1994) |
|
Northern Marianas |
5 |
1 |
++ |
152 |
Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 199 A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg et al. 1987) |
|
Palau Isl. (Republic of Palau, western Carolines) |
65 |
29 |
+ |
516 |
Vascular Plants of Palau with vernacular names (Fosberg et al. 1980) A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg et al. 1987) |
|
Phoenix Isl. [partly to Kiribati, partly to USA] |
0 |
0 |
++ |
42 |
Flora of the Phoenix Islands, Central Pacific (Fosberg & Stoddart 1994) |
|
Pitcairn Isl., Oeno Atoll |
1 |
0 |
+ |
6 |
An account of the flora of Pitcairn Island (St. John 1987) Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931) |
|
Society Isl. (Tahiti, etc.) |
33 |
12 |
++ |
1.628 |
Flora Societensis (Welsh 1998)
|
|
Southern Marianas (incl. Guam) |
32 |
3 |
++ |
867 |
Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 199 The Flora of Guam (Stone 1970) A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg et al. 1987) |
|
Tokelau Isl. |
0 |
0 |
+ |
14 |
The vegetation of the Tokelau Islands with special reference to the plants of Nukunonu Atoll (Parham 1971) The Flora and Vegetation of Swains Island (Whistler 1983) |
|
Tonga |
44 |
0 |
o |
750 |
Plants of Tonga (Yuncker 1959) |
|
Tuamotu Archipelago (excl. Gambier Isl.) |
3 |
0 |
o |
ca. 450 |
Takapoto Atoll, Tuamotu Archipelago: terrestrial vegetation (Sachet 1983) Flora of Makatea (Wilder 1934) Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931) |
|
Tuvalu (Ellice Isl.) |
0 |
0 |
o |
26 |
Vegetation and Flora of Nui Atoll, Tuvalu (Woodroffe 1985) |
|
Vanuatu (incl. Santa Cruz Isl.) |
179 |
17 |
++ |
12.190 |
Orchids of Vanuatu (Lewis & Cribb 1989) |
|
Wake Isl. |
0 |
0 |
+ |
8 |
A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg et al. 1987) |
|
Wallis Isl., Futuna Isl., Alofi Isl. (Horne Islands) |
24 |
0 |
+ |
177 |
The vascular plants of the Horne and Wallis Islands (St. John & Smith 1971) Contribution a la Connaissance de la Vegetation et de la Flore de Wallis et Futuna (Morat & Veillon 1985) |
|
Western Samoa |
112 |
10 |
++ |
2.831 |
Orchids of Samoa (Cribb & Whistler 1996) |
|
|
Species in database |
endem. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature |
|
NORTH AMERICA |
212 |
99 |
++ |
21.938.931 |
North America in general (only most recent or important works): Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002) BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org) PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov) The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975) Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003) |
|
Alaska (incl. Aleutes) |
30 |
0 |
++ |
1.530.000 |
|
|
Canada [Alberta 26, Anticosti Isl. 13, British Columbia 35, Labrador 16, Manitoba 34, N.W.T. 17, New Brunswick 40, Newfoundland 36, Nova Scotia 42, Nunavut 8, Ontario 57, Prince Edward Isl. 33, Quebec 48, Saskatchewan 25, Yukon 21] |
74 |
0 |
++ |
9.970.610 |
|
|
USA [Alabama 52, Arizona 27, Arkansas 35, California 32, Colorado 26, Connecticut 42, Delaware 35, District of Columbia 20, Florida 100, Georgia 56, Idaho 26, Illinois 44, Indiana 43, Iowa 28, Kansas 20, Kentucky 35, Louisiana 42, Maine 46, Maryland 45, Massachusetts 48, Michigan 53, Minnesota 44, Mississippi 44, Missouri 33, Montana 31, Nebraska 19, Nevada 12, New Hampshire 47, New Jersey 52, New Mexico 28, New York 57, North Carolina 62, North Dakota 11, Ohio 46, Oklahoma 31, Oregon 1, Oregon 30, Pennsylvania 53, Rhode Island 35, South Carolina 52, South Dakota 20, Tennessee 43, Texas 51, Utah 24, Vermont 50, Virginia 54, Washington 33, West Virginia 42, Wisconsin 46, Wyoming 27] |
203 |
48 |
++ |
8.262.426 |
The Native Orchids of Florida (Luer 1972) |
|
Bermuda |
1 |
0 |
+ |
53 |
Flora of Bermuda (Britton 1918) |
|
Greenland |
5 |
0 |
++ |
2.175.600 |
|
|
St. Pierre et Miquelon Isl. |
6 |
0 |
++ |
242 |
|
|
|
Species in database |
end. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature |
|
MEXICO AND CENTRAL AMERICA |
3045 |
|
|
2.485.930 |
|
|
Belize (British Honduras) |
287 |
5 |
+ |
22.965 |
Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Belize (Balick, Nee & Atha 2000) Native Orchids of Belize (McLeish, Pearce & Adams 1995) Orchids of Guatemala and Belize (Ames & Correll 1985) Lista Comentada de las orquideas de Belice (Catling & Catling 1988) |
|
Costa Rica |
1455 |
490 |
++ |
51.060 |
Field Guide to the Orchids of Costa Rica and Panama (Dressler 1993) Flora Costaricensis, Family 39, part V (Maxillarieae and Oncidinae) (Atwood & de Retana 1999) Lista actualizada de las orquideas de Costa Rica (Mora-Retana & Garcia 1992) Catalogo revisado y anotado de las Orchidaceae de Costa Rica (Pupulin 2002) Orchidaceae (Dressler et al.) - In: Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, Vol. III (Orchidaceae - Zingiberaceae) (Hammel et al., ed., 2003) |
|
El Salvador |
392 |
8 |
++ |
21.041 |
Las Orquideas de El Salvador (Hamer 1974-1981) |
|
Guatemala |
838 |
113 |
+ |
108.889 |
Orchids of Guatemala: A revised annotated checklist (Dix & Dix 2000) Orchids of Guatemala and Belize (Ames & Correll 1985) Guatemala y sus orquídeas (Behar & Tinschert 1998) |
|
Honduras |
528 |
10 |
o |
112.492 |
|
|
Mexiko (incl. Baja California, Isla Guadalupe) [Aguascalientes 11, Baja California Norte 3, Baja California Sur 14, Campeche 55, Chiapas 572, Chihuahua 42, Coahuila 21, Colima 53, Distrito Federal 4, Durango 67, Guanajuato 11, Guerrero 309, Hidalgo 79, Jalisco 293, Mexico State 155, Michoacan 218, Morelos 144, Nayarit 141, Nuevo Leon 27, Oaxaca 522, Orizaba 2, Puebla 128, Queretaro 12, Quintana Roo 57, San Luis Potosi 81, Sinaloa 68, Sonora 14, Tabasco 42, Tamaulipas 57, Tlaxcala 4, Veracruz 314, Yucatan 32, Zacatecas 14] |
1232 |
563 |
+(+) |
1.964.382 |
Listado Actualizado de las Orquideas de Mexico (Soto Arenas 1988) Flora Novo-Galiciana, Vol. 16: Orchidaceae (McVaugh, ed., 1989) Flora of Baja California (Wiggins 1980) Orchidaceae (De Mally). - In: Flora de Chiapas (Breedlove 1986) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora del Estado de Mexico, Vol. 3 (Matuda 1979) Icones Orchidacearum (Mexico), Fasc. 1-6 (Hagsater & Salazar 1990-2003) |
|
Nicaragua |
640 |
15 |
++ |
129.494 |
Orchids of Nicaragua, Pt. 1-6 (Hamer 1982-1985) Orchidaceae (Hamer). - In: Flora of Nicaragua, Vol. 2 (Stevens, ed., 2001) |
|
Panama |
1250 |
278 |
+ |
75.517 |
Field Guide to the Orchids of Costa Rica and Panama (Dressler 1993) Flora of Panama: Checklist and index (D'Arcy 1987) Checklist of the Orchids of Panama (Dressler 1980) |
|
Isla del Coco (Cocos Isl.) |
5 |
3 |
+ |
47 |
Preliminary List of Plants from Cocos Island (Fosberg & Klawe 1966) |
|
Revillagigedos Isl. (Isla Socorro, Isla Clarion, Isla San Benedicto) |
4 |
1 |
++ |
ca. 20 |
The vascular flora of Isla Socorro, Mexico (Lewin & Moran 1989) |
|
|
Species in database |
end. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature |
|
SOUTH AMERICA |
10550 |
|
|
17.867.545 |
|
|
Argentina |
263 |
28 |
+ |
2.780.400 |
Catalogo de las plantas vasculares de la Republica Argentina, Vol. 1 (Zuloaga et al. 1996) |
|
Bolivia |
1150 |
450 |
+(+) |
1.098.581 |
Orquideas de Bolivia, Vol. 1 (Vasquez & Ibisch 2000) Orquideas de Bolivia, Vol. 2 (Vasquez & Ibisch 2003) Index Orchidacearum Bolivianum (Hashimoto 1993) A Catalogue of the Ferns and Flowering Plants of Bolivia (Foster 1958, in Contr. Gray Herb. Harvard Univ.) |
|
Brazil (incl. Fernando Noronha Isl.) |
2781 |
1894 |
+(+) |
8.547.404 |
Orchidaceae Brasilienses (Pabst & Dungs 1975-77) Icones Orchidacearum Brasilienses (Castro & Campacci, Vol. 1, 2001) Flora Brasileira: Orquideas 1 (A-L), 2 (M-Z) (CD-ROM, Campacci 2000) |
|
Chile |
64 |
39 |
+(+) |
756.626 |
Catalogo de la flora vascular de Chile (Marticorena 1984) |
|
Colombia
|
3516 |
1536 |
+ |
1.141.748 |
Native Colombian Orchids, Vol. 1-6 (Escobar 1990-98) Orquideas de Colombia (Ortiz 1995) [contains checklist] Lista de especies de Orquídeas registradas para Colombia: Adiciones y correcciones (Ortiz 2000, in Orquideologia 21) |
|
Ecuador |
3996 |
2098 |
+(+) |
272.045 |
Orchidaceae (Dodson). - In: Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador (Moeller-Joergensen et al. 1999) Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 9 (Garay 1979) Native Ecuadorian orchids (Dodson & Escobar 1994, Dodson 2001) Calaway H. Dodson & Carlyle A. Luer (2009): Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 76: Orchidaceae. Genera Aa - Cyrtidiorchis. Calaway H. Dodson & Carlyle A. Luer (2009): Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 84: Orchidaceae. Masdevallia and Affiliates. Calaway H. Dodson & Carlyle A. Luer (2010): Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 87: Orchidaceae. Genera Cyrtochiloides - Epibator. |
|
French Guiana |
372 |
21 |
+ |
83.534 |
Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997) Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana: Orchidaceae (Christensen in Mori et al. 1997) |
|
Guyana (British Guyana) |
522 |
19 |
+ |
214.969 |
Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997) |
|
Paraguay |
178 |
23 |
- |
406.752 |
|
|
Peru |
2219 |
922 |
+(+) |
1.280.000 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru (Brako & Zarucchi 1993) Icones Orchidacearum Peruvianum (Bennett & Christenson 1995-2000, Vol. 1-8, ongoing series) Orchids of Peru, Vol. I-IV (Schweinfurth 1959-1961, in Fieldiana Bot.) |
|
Surinam |
378 |
11 |
++ |
163.265 |
Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997) Orchideeen van Suriname (Werkhoven 1986) |
|
Tobago |
48 |
1 |
++ |
4.828 |
Native Orchids of Trinidad and Tobago (Schultes 1960) |
|
Trinidad |
200 |
6 |
++ |
300 |
Native Orchids of Trinidad and Tobago (Schultes 1960) |
|
Uruguay |
55 |
9 |
o |
176.215 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora del Uruguay (Herter 1949) |
|
Venezuela |
1570 |
331 |
++ |
912.050 |
Venezuelan orchids illustrated (Dunsterville & Garay 1959-1976, 6 vols.) (reprint as Orchids of Venezuela - An Illustrated Field Guide, 1979, 2nd ed. as Illustrated Field Guide of Orchids of Venezuela, Romero & Carnevali 2000, 3 Vols.) Flora de Venezuela, Vol. XV, pt. 1-5 (Foldats 1969-70) Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, Vol. 7 (2003) |
|
Desventuradas Isl. |
0 |
0 |
+ |
ca. 30 |
Vegetation of the Tropical Pacific Islands (Mueller-Dombois & Fosberg 1998) |
|
Easter Island (Rapa Nui) |
0 |
0 |
++ |
180 |
Vegetation of the Tropical Pacific Islands (Mueller-Dombois & Fosberg 1998) Flowering Plants of Easter Island (Zizka 1991) |
|
Falkland Isl. |
4 |
0 |
+ |
12.173 |
Flowering Plants of the Falkland Islands (Woods 2000) The vascular flora of the Falkland Islands (Moore 1968, in Brit. Antarct. Survey, Scient. Rep. 60) |
|
Galapagos Isl. |
17 |
5 |
++ |
7.844 |
Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador (Joergensen et al. 1999) Flora of the Galapagos Islands (Wiggins & Porter 1971) The orchids of the Galapagos Islands (Luer 1972) |
|
Juan Fernandez Isl. (Robinson Crusoe Isl.) |
1 |
1 |
+ |
181 |
Vascular flora of the Robinson Crusoe Islands (Marticorena et al. 1998) |
|
South Georgia and South Shetland |
0 |
0 |
+ |
8.410 |
Biota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database) |
|
Western Netherlands Antilles (Aruba, Bonaire, Curacao) |
5 |
0 |
++ |
ca. 600 |
Zakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964) |
|
|
Species in database |
end. |
Status1) |
Country size (km2) |
Selection of recent reference literature |
|
CARIBBEAN, WEST INDIES |
808 |
|
++ |
232.680 |
Caribbean in general: Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000) |
|
Anguilla |
2 |
0 |
++ |
ca. 70 |
Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) |
|
Antigua und Barbuda |
19 |
0 |
++ |
441 |
Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) |
|
Bahamas |
49 |
6 |
++ |
13.939 |
Orchidaceae (Sauleda & Adams). - In: Flora of the Bahama Archipelago (Correll & Correll 1982) |
|
Barbados |
8 |
1 |
++ |
430 |
Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Barbados (Gooding, Loveless & Proctor 1965) |
|
Cayman Isl. |
27 |
4 |
++ |
262 |
Flora of the Cayman Islands (Proctor 1984) Orquideas de las Islas Cayman (Adams 1971) |
|
Cuba |
301 |
96 |
++ |
114.525 |
Las orquideas nativas de Cuba (Diaz 1988) Iconografia de orquídeas Cubanas (Marquez & Bocourt Vigli 1997) |
|
Dominica |
93 |
4 |
++ |
750 |
Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) Flora of Dominica, Pt. 1 (Orchidaceae) (Hodge 1954) |
|
Grenada |
69 |
0 |
++ |
344 |
Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) The Orchids of the Islands of Grenada, British West Indies (Schultes 1956, in Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 25) |
|
Guadeloupe (incl. Marie Galante, La Désirade) |
105 |
4 |
++ |
ca. 1600 |
Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) Orchidaceae (Fournet). - In: Flore illustrée des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (1978) Atlas des Orchidées sauvages de Gouadeloupe (Feldmann & Barré 2001) |
|
Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti) |
360 |
169 |
++ |
76.200 |
|
|
Jamaica |
219 |
58 |
++ |
10.991 |
Orchids of Jamaica (Gloudon & Tobisch 1995) A Checklist of the Orchids of Jamaica (Adams 1966) Orchidaceae (Adams, Proctor & Read). In: Flowering Plants of Jamaica (1972) |
|
Martinique |
83 |
2 |
++ |
1.102 |
Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) Flore Illustree des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (Fournet 1978) |
|
Montserrat |
21 |
1 |
++ |
102 |
Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) |
|
Puerto Rico (incl. Mona Isl., Culebra Isl., Vieques Isl.) |
141 |
16 |
++ |
8.959 |
The Orchids of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackerman & Del Mayda 1995) An orchid Flora of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackerman 1995) |
|
St. Barthelemy (St. Barts) |
9 |
0 |
++ |
ca. 40 |
Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) |
|
St. Eustatius, Saba (Eastern Netherlands Antilles) |
13 |
0 |
++ |
ca. 40 |
Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) |
|
St. Kitts & Nevis |
26 |
0 |
++ |
269 |
Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) |
|
St. Lucia |
48 |
1 |
++ |
616 |
Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) |
|
St. Maarten (St. Martin) |
8 |
0 |
++ |
86 |
Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) |
|
St. Vincent and the Grenadines |
58 |
0 |
++ |
389 |
Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974) |
|
Turks & Caicos Isl. |
6 |
1 |
++ |
430 |
Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the Bahama Archipelago (Sauleda & Adams 197 |
|
Virgin Isl. (U.S. Virgin Islands and British Virgin Islands) |
33 |
1 |
++ |
495 |
An Orchid Flora of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackermann 1995) |